Rehydrate the onions. Combine ½ cup dried minced onion with ½ cup water or beef broth in a small bowl. Let sit 10 minutes until plumped. Do not drain.
Season and press the beef. Gently mix the garlic powder, onion powder, salt, and pepper into 1 lb ground beef. Line an air fryer–safe pan with parchment and press the beef into an even rectangle about ¼ inch thick.
Score and poke. Score the beef into 12 squares without cutting all the way through. Poke 5 holes in each square with a chopstick or straw.
Build the onion bed. Spread the rehydrated onions and their liquid in the bottom of the parchment-lined pan, then lay the beef sheet directly on top.
Air fry. Cook at 375°F for 8–10 minutes, until the beef reaches an internal temperature of 160°F. Do not flip.
Add the cheese. Lay the half-slices of American cheese over the beef and cook 1 more minute until melted.
Steam the buns. Set the bun bottoms on top of the cheese, close the air fryer, and let sit in the residual heat 1–2 minutes.
Cut and assemble. Cut through the scored lines into 12 squares. Stack bottom bun, patty with onions, pickle, and top bun. Serve immediately.